# Ipamorelin References: Sourced Citations Behind Every Claim

> Ipamorelin references — the full citation list with PubMed IDs and DOIs behind every quantitative claim on this site, from the 1998 founding paper to 2026 doping reviews.

Primary research, PubMed IDs, and DOIs. If a claim here carries a [number], this is where it comes from.

## About this list

Every bracketed [number] across these Ipamorelin references maps to an entry below — peer-reviewed primary research and reviews, each with a PubMed ID or DOI you can verify independently. The list runs from the 1998 founding characterization through the 2024 ferret cachexia study and 2026 anti-doping reviews. Nothing on this site cites a source that isn't here, and nothing here is paraphrased beyond what the source supports.

## References

[1] Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thogersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;139(5):552-561. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9849822/
[2] Gobburu JV, Agerso H, Jusko WJ, Ynddal L. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ipamorelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide, in human volunteers. Pharm Res. 1999;16(9):1412-1416. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10496658/
[3] Beck DE, Sweeney WB, McCarter MD; Ipamorelin 201 Study Group. Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2014;29(12):1527-1534. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25331030/
[4] Johansen PB, Nowak J, Skjaerbaek C, Flyvbjerg A, Andreassen TT, Wilken M, Orskov H. Ipamorelin, a new growth-hormone-releasing peptide, induces longitudinal bone growth in rats. Growth Horm IGF Res. 1999;9(2):106-113. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10373343/
[5] Lu Z, Ngan MP, Liu JYH, Yang L, Tu L, Chan SW, Giuliano C, Lovati E, Pietra C, Rudd JA. The growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a agonists, anamorelin and ipamorelin, inhibit cisplatin-induced weight loss in ferrets: Anamorelin also exhibits anti-emetic effects via a central mechanism. Physiol Behav. 2024;284:114644. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39043357/
[6] Stokes AH, Falls JG, Yoon L, Cariello N, Faiola B, Colton HM, Jordan HL, Berridge BR. Integrated approach to early detection of cardiovascular toxicity induced by a ghrelin receptor agonist. Int J Toxicol. 2015;34(2):151-161. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25722321/
[7] Thomas A, Walpurgis K, Delahaut P, Kohler M, Schanzer W, Thevis M. Determination of growth hormone releasing peptides metabolites in human urine after nasal administration. Drug Test Anal. 2015;7(11-12):990-998. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25869809/
[8] Ferro P, et al. Structure-activity relationship for peptidic growth hormone secretagogues. Drug Test Anal. 2017;9:87-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1947
[9] Krug O, et al. Analysis of new growth promoting black market products. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2018;41:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2018.05.001
[10] Adeghate E, Ponery AS. Mechanism of ipamorelin-evoked insulin release from the pancreas of normal and diabetic rats. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2004;25(6):403-406. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15665799/
[11] Villegas Meza AD, et al. Injectable Peptides in Sports Medicine: A Structured Narrative Review of Evidence, Safety, and Antidoping Implications. JBJS Rev. 2026. https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.rvw.26.00027
[12] Sallam HS, Chen JD. The prokinetic face of ghrelin. Int J Pept. 2010;2010:493614. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20721347/
[13] Camilleri M. Future treatment of constipation-associated disorders: role of relamorelin and other ghrelin receptor agonists. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2017;23(3):334-345. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28238253/

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A receipts-first desk on ipamorelin — the WADA S2 ban, the urinary-detection paper trail, and the lone failed human trial each logged to source and kept apart from the sales-copy version; no clinic behind the desk and nothing here dosed, compounded, prescribed, or sold.